Technology transfer and button manufacturing in qiaotou, china. Addressing climate technology gaps in africa 1 executive summary despite many years of technology transfer to africa under various mechanisms and programs of the united nations framework convention on climate change unfccc, africa remains the continent with the lowest level of technology. Technology transfer and economic growth in subsahara african. The central and eastern europe experience warsaw school of economics center of international production cooperation, al. The introduction of a technology into a developing country, is understood by some developed countries as having achieved the objective of technology transfer. The document was then discussed during the consultation on who guidelines for medicines quality assurance, quality control laboratories and transfer of technology on 2731 july. In the present ongoing development debate the moral side of development did not receive the attention it deserves. The workshop also explores some of the guidelines for technology transfer and registration of technology transfer agreements in nigeria. This fact is not a secret and you should not treat it like one.
Does the sale of a technology constitute technology transfer. Nor, until now, have there been effective methods of measuring and verifying the extent of environmentally sound technology transfer. Studies in technology transfer selected cases from argentina, china, south africa and taiwan province of china united nations conference on trade and development unctad current studies onscience, technology andinnovation. Technology, globalization, and international competitiveness. The advantages and disadvantages of technology transfer. This article focuses on technology transfer in universities and research institutions, and describes wipos practical approach to technology transfer in the context of the organizations work to promote the strategic use of ip for economic development. For this reason, there has been an increasing attention in recent years towards transfer of green technologies to developing countries. Pdf technology transfer and economic growth in africa.
Science and technology for development in subsaharan. Countries such as ghana have improved their investment climate to increase fdi attraction. Lessons from japan and china case projects in tanzania and kenya. Equally, we must be realistic about what a technology transfer office within our universities or science councils can achieve over the short and mediumterm, and develop compelling visions for what they might. The paper presents the definition and classifications of barriers in the field of innovation activity. Nov 04, 2019 emmanuel alia ceo of technology transfer institute of africa stated, we are very excited to become a biokey channel alliance partner. In the late 1960s and early 1970s there was a need to increase total production by intensive agriculture. As opposed to the literature background, the authors propose their own classification of technology transfer barriers comprising the following. This skill is the implementing skillsense that the african has lacked all along.
Technology transfer, capacity building and the developing world the issue in recent years, increasing emphasis has been put on the role that multinational companies and developed world governments should play in supporting technology transfer into developing countries. It is hoped that this approach illustrates the potential for technology transfer to play a role in activities of widely differing knowledge, technology and skill intensities. Technology transfer in south african public research institutions. Perspectives of universityindustry technology transfer in african. Pdf on jan 1, 2009, osita ogbu and others published technology transfer and economic growth in africa find, read and cite all the research you need on. Technology transfer to africa constraints for cd1v1 operations it is practically difficult to design, implement and manage clean development mechanism cdm projects in africa without a provision for capacity building that will enable the application of modern technologies and techniques. Multinational corporations and technology transfers in. Technology transfer enables countries, particularly low and middleincome countries, to build capacity in local production of medical products in the shortterm. Technology transfer is a broad concept encompassing education and training, direct investment, licensing, movement of people, supply of materials and equipment, and other elements. The process is presented to promote awareness and understanding within the science community, any may enable scientists to take an active role in the successful application of their technology. How technology can transform africa world economic forum.
Defining the concepts of technology and technology transfer. Technology transfer for economic growth in africawhy it matters. Transfer of technology that took place on 26 and 27 april, 2005, in tokyo. While businesses look forward to the prospect of receiving new products and services, universities are motivated by the potential income stream from successful licensing agreements, and. The genius of african ironmaking was its steel core, the technology of making a steel interior through temperature control in the smelting with tuyeres, tubes to induct air into the furnace to make it hotter, removing carbon park 1800. These cases represent varying degrees of success in the leveraging of technology transfer and local capability. Technology transfer, also called transfer of technology tot, is the process of transferring disseminating technology from the person or organization that owns or holds it to another person or organization. Available at 10 economic commission for africa, african development bank group and african union. Technology transfer, capacity building and the developing world.
This section sets out some facts about innovation and technology transfer in africas. This paper discusses technological transfer diffusion of african sacred ironmaking science into the western hemisphere by enslaved africans. The technology transfer process has six interactive phases with key actions and indicators of transfer to distinguish progress through a flowsystem model. Such technology transfer arrangements can be accomplished. Consequently, as a first step to protecting your ip in a technology transfer, it is important to make sure you choose the right partners. Technology transfer is a means to strengthen technological capacity and countries that are not successful in transferring technology are left behind in development. Pdf technology transfer and the soul of africa otto. This section sets out some facts about innovation and technology transfer in. These improvements can be seen in education within each passing day.
Com140036oreinnovation and technlogy transfer for enhanced. Foreign direct investment fdi into africa has received research attention in the past two decades, and the flow of fdi into africa has been on an upsurge. Furthermore more through technology transfer we see sustainable economic growth, whereby it includes commercialization of technology. Extension workers called upon to be experts in all crops insufficient number of extension workers relative to farmers extension workers lack resources adaptation to new forms of information transfer internet etc. Technology transfer involves more than hardware supply. Jun 22, 2012 foreign direct investment fdi into africa has received research attention in the past two decades, and the flow of fdi into africa has been on an upsurge. A growing body of evidence shows that 1 substantial investments in technology transfer are needed to generate downstream benefits, 2 there is typically a significant time lag before net benefits are realized, and 3 the distribution of returns is very skewed for example, analysis of autm surveys. Technological development in the south african automobile industry. Since different developing countries would have different market structure, it becomes very complicated to have a generalized theory and model to find the determinant factors of technological spillover benefits to. The economic commission for africa eca series on technology transfer for africas development is designed to highlight the importance of technology transfer in economic development.
Postharvest, equipment, cassava, improvement, african development. Last, in addition to the entire sample, it considers estimates for the subgroup of labor and capitalintensive industries to detect if the fditechnology transfer nexus depends on an industrys factor intensity. Pragmatic technology transfer model relevant to both policy makers, private sector. I examine how the company manages this distance and seeks to transfer technology to five african countries through the purposeful use of communication. The technology transfer usually occurs in a market which is imperfectly competitive and possesses no particular market structure. A major part of technology transfer impact in terms of money happens between developed countries reddy and zhao, 1989, but relative few have looked at transfer of environmental technologies.
On august 29, 2019, the government of imo state in nigeria signed a memorandum of understanding on the establishment of technology transfer institute of africa ttia in owerri, its capital city. The south african national survey of intellectual property and technology transfer at publicly funded research institutions was embarked on to establish a number of baseline indicators used to track overall activity in intellectual property ip management and technology transfer tt over the period 20082014. Technology transfer offices ttos are relatively new in the country, and not all south african universities have explicit ip policies. Nets subsaharan africa regional coordinator for the support, and to the contractors hired in each country to help with the organisation of the focus groups. The chapter discusses and analyzes the current performance of ttos. Foreign direct investment and technology transfer policies in. The world economic forum is an independent international organization committed to improving the state of the world by engaging business, political, academic and other leaders of society to shape global, regional and industry agendas. Issues in technology transfer developing technologies suitable for africa is only one step in helping increase food production. Information technology transfer to african nations. This draft text was subsequently prepared by mr john startup, united kingdom and by dr monika zweygarth, south africa. Biokey adds technology transfer institute of africa to its. The author wishes to acknowledge the valuable comments received from mr.
The main objectives of the studies in this series are to explore trends in. There are opportunities for fostering technological capabilities. Benefit of technology transfer to developing countries. Technology transfer in south african public research.
This document analyzes the factors in china that affect technology transfer and will be affected by it. Technology development and transfer in agriculture s n nigam and c l l gowda1 abstract technology development is a response of scientific knowledge to the changing needs of consumers, farmers, community, country, and world trade. Research development technology transfer sustains the research of a particular product, which determines the need for public and private use. Technology transfer for agricultural growth in africa 5 the author is a division manager, agriculture and rural development department, central and west region. Technology transfer contributes directly to technological innovation by supplying the private sector with new technologies that have commercial potential. Those technologies also must be adapted and disseminated among the african people. By this the authors do not mean the world should be divided in good guys and bad guys, but they point to the dimension of values and. Access to technology is directly correlated with economic productivity in nearly all sectors of the economy. Incorporated as a notforprofit foundation in 1971, and headquartered in geneva, switzerland, the forum is tied to no political, partisan or national interests. Among other things, the results show that the income accruing to universities from technology transfer.
This calls for successful technology transferanother area where the united states has expertise to share. Technology transfer for agriculture growth in africa. Eventually, the development of the semiconductor spawned the current information technology revolution. Technology transfer is much discussed but is defined in different ways depending on the context.
Emmanuel alia ceo of technology transfer institute of africa stated, we are very excited to become a biokey channel alliance partner. Technology transfer for agricultural growth in africa by sami zaki moussa introduction as the 20 th century rolled into the 21 st century, the moment has come to step back from regular daily problems and think how agriculture sector growth in the african countries could be accelerated. A particular thanks goes to development research uptake in sub saharan africa drussa for inviting scidev. Technology, globalization, and international competitiveness 31 specialization and exchange. Africas least developed countries ldcs are to benefit from the launch of a united nations technology bank in turkey, which aims to drive science, technology and innovation and promote sustainable development with african universities playing a key role. Trends in innovation, technology transfer and industrial productivity 9. It presents several opportunities and challenges for developing african countries, including africa.
Transfer of technology or national technology capability has a lot to do with public administration of factors that influenceretard or enhance technology transfer. Technology transfer capacity is essential for south africa if we aspire to economic development principles such as exportled growth. Energy technology transfer to china,was released in september 1985, and proved useful in the congressional debate on the nuclear cooperation agreement. Net to its benchmarking conference in south africa.
National experiences in the transfer of publicly funded. The south african national survey of intellectual property and technology transfer at publicly funded research institutions was embarked on to establish a number of baseline indicators used to track overall activity in intellectual property ip management and technology transfer tt over the. Section vi concludes with recommendations for consideration and adoption by african policymakers. A detailed analysis of technology inflows into nigeria is provided together with a breakdown of financial savings on technology transfer agreements registered by notap between 1980 and june 2006. Technology transfer boost for least developed countries. Technology transfer, capacity building and the developing.
Science and technology for development in subsaharan africa. Engineers and scientists have to spend a great deal of time and money making sure that each item of technology or equipment can cope with both the rigours of. Innovation and technology transfer for enhanced productivity and. We would like to show you a description here but the site wont allow us. Head of the technology transfer and promotion office technology technology transfer transfer programme programme space is a cold and uninviting place.
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